Viral associations. Frequent rotavirus infections in children with DR3-DQ2 serological haplotype create higher risk of coeliac disease (CD). A large fraction of CD patients have anti-tTG antibodies that also recognize a rotavirus protein called VP7. These ''crossreactive'' antibodies stimulate monocyte proliferation. Rotavirus infection might explain some early steps in the autoimmune progression in CD. Rotavirus damage in the gut showed a type villous atrophy similar to advanced grades of CD. This suggests that viral proteins may take part in the initial flattening and could stimulate self-crossreactive anti-VP7 production. Antibodies to VP7 may also slow healing until the gliadin-mediated tTG presentation provides a continuous source of autoantibodies.
Juvenile diabetes and anti-tTG. Childhood (male) Type 1 diabetes (T1D) increases the risk for CD and vice versa and the early signs of CD may precede T1D in many cases. A search for CD in juvenile diabates patients revealed that GF diet resulted in some improvements. A elevated number of diabetes patients have ATA along with increased numbers of gluten-specific T-cells.
Rheumatoid arthritis. Studies of patients with rheumatoid arthritis showed highly increased frequencies of antibodies against guinea pig transglutaminase, human recombinant transglutaminase and peptidylarginine deiminase type 4 (PAD4). This suggests a potential for crossreactive antibodies between anti-tTG and anti-PAD4.
Asymptomatic ATA+. A recent screening of 7550 Briton's found 87 undetected ATA+.
In this study a 50% increase of ATA was associated with:
* lower bone mineral density of the hip.
* lower hemoglobin levels
* decreased weight.
* lower cholesterol
* higher blood glucose
Similar studies
* increased mortality, particularly to cancer
Symptomatic ATA+
* greater impairment of neurophysiology (peripheral neuropathies and motor neuron disease.
* increased inflammatory bowel symptoms(not celiac or EMA).
Alcohol consumption. ATA correlated with biomarkers of alcohol consumption, proinflammatory cytokines and markers of fibrogenesis.
Adapted from the Wikipedia article Anti-transglutaminase antibodies, under the G. N. U. Free Documentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki
Anti-transglutaminase antibodies – Associated Conditions
Viral associations. Frequent rotavirus infections in children with DR3-DQ2 serological haplotype create higher risk of coeliac disease (CD). A large fraction of CD patients have anti-tTG antibodies that also recognize a rotavirus protein called VP7.
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